The Correlations Between Antibiotics Resistance and Biofilm Formation of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Burned Wound Patients

Abstract

One hundred and fifty samples from burned wound swabs and from both genders and different ages were included in this study. They were collected from patients in Baquba teaching hospital, Khanaqin general hospital, and outpatient clinics between the beginning of September 2023 and February 2024. Identification of A. baumannii by manual biochemical tests that used Gram staining, catalase test, oxidase test, urease test, indole test, Kligler iron agar (KIA) test, and Simmon citrate test, as well as growth at 44°C. The VITEK2 compact system includes biochemical testing for final validation. The biofilm formation capacity of the A. baumannii isolate was determined using a microtiter plate assay. ESBLs and MBLs were detected using phenotypic methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed to determine the probable resistance of A. baumannii isolates to 14 antibiotics from various classes. The results indicated that the highest incidence of infection with A. baumannii occurred in the 1-40-year-old age group, with 55 cases representing 36.7% and 36.6%. A. baumannii isolates produced 17/30 (57%) strong biofilms, 9/30 (30%) moderate biofilms, and 4/30 (13%) non-biofilms. Our results indicate that A. baumannii exhibits crucial antibiotic resistance. The recent findings indicated that all A. baumannii isolates displayed 100% MBL production, but none of the 30 isolates produced ESBL enzymes, and there was a connection between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance in these isolates. A. baumannii isolates resistant to aminoglycosides, carbapenems, and sulfonamides show a positive correlation between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance.