Prevalence and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Otitis Media in Kirkuk City

Abstract

Background: Otitis media (OM)  is middle ear inflammation, it is a prevalent health care disorder that affects people of all ages and both genders. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is the most prevalent pathogen bacteria that causes the disease and has a high level of antibiotic resistance. The P. aeruginosa possess virulence characteristics which cause damages to the middle ear mucosa.Antibiotic resistance constitutes the main threat to people's health. Objective: The objective of the current study is  to evaluate the frequency of P. aeruginosa isolated from Otitis media patients and investigate their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: total of 235 ear swabs were collected from otitis media patients who visited a specialized outpatient center in Kirkuk City and the ENT consultation facility at Kirkuk Hospitals. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by  the VITEK 2 AST card and bacterial isolation and identification were both done. Results: The results of this study reveal that  out of 235 ear swabs collected from patients with otitis media showed  22/235 (9.4 %) isolation rate for P. aeruginosa. And among the most effective antibiotics against the most of the detected pathogenic bacteria were Amikacin (95.4%), followed by Ceftazidime/ Avibactam, Piperacillin /Tazobactam, and Ceftolozane/ Tazobactam each with (91%), Colistin (86%), Imipenemand and Meropenem (81.8%, 86.4%) respectively, Ceftazidime, Cefeime,  Levofloxacin, and Azreonam  each with ( 77.3%), Ciprofloxacin and  Ofloxacin both (72.7%) with Gentamicin (68.2%). Conclusion:  The bacteria P. aeruginosa was  most common  prevalent isolate in the ear swabs, and this bacteria is multidrugs resistance (MDR). Additionally, the most efficient antibiotic against P. aeruginosa isolates responsible for otitis media was Amikacin.