Design and Control Comparison of a SIMO DC–DC Converter for Electric Vehicle Applications

Abstract

As electric vehicles become more widely used, there is a growing demand for more efficient and less complex power conversion technologies. Single-input, multi-output(SIMO) DC-DC converters are an essential component of electric vehicle voltage distribution systems, because it allows multi-level voltage supply from a single DC source such as a battery. Its importance is evident from the needs of the vehicle's various subsystems, including control units and auxiliary devices as well as the traction motor. This study deals with the design and analysis of a non-isolated single-input DC-DC converter (200V input) with three outputs: 400V, 24V, and 12V to provide voltage levels compatible with electric vehicle loads The proposed converter model is built and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment using a suitable topology combining one boost stage and two buck stages to provide a stable and highly efficient power supply to both the traction motor and auxiliary subsystems. To compare the dynamic and static performance, two control methods were implemented the first is sliding mode control (SMC) and the second is proportional integral control (PI. According to the obtained results, the SMC outperformed the PI controller in terms of voltage precision, disturbance rejection, reduced oscillations, and high efficiency exceeding 95%. This research work is strengthened by applying both PI and SMC control techniques in the design of a multi-output DC-DC converter within a simulation environment. The findings confirm the superiority of the SMC in maintaining regulated voltage and adjust to changes in load, making it the most suitable choice for electric vehicle.