Evaluation of Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida albicans alongside with pathogenic bacteria in kirkuk females

Abstract

Vulvovaginitis is one of the commonest reproductive tract infections in women worldwide. There are three types of infectious :vaginitis including, bacterial vaginosis ,valvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. During the period from December 2021 to April 2022 in the Women conduct Children Hospital in Al-Nasr neighborhood and in private outpatient clinics in Kirkuk city in Iraq. The number of specimens examined was 160 samples(106from healthy and 54from infected women) and the ages ranged between (14-50) years. After the  pairs swabs were taken, the direct examination and staining and culturing on the different culture media to diagnose many pathogenic microorganism (bacteria spp, candida spp, trichomonas vaginalis parasite). Trichomoniasis was detected by wet and stained smears and culture . Bacterial infection was confirmed by Nugent scoring method after Gram staining and culture . Candidiasis was identified by direct examination and culturing on both Sabouraud dextrose agar and Chromagar medium. The bacterial and candida diagnosis conforming by vitex-2 system. From the54 sample positive, the commonest organisms was bacteria (33.75%gram negative and gram positive  31.25%), followed by Candida species 14.37%, Trichomniasis as 5%, and mixed infection with these three agents in 17.5%. the commonest organisms was bacteria (100%gram negative and 92.59%), followed by Candida species 42.59%, Trichomniasis as 14.81%, and mixed infection with these three agents in 51.85%.E. coli 15(27.77%) and staph. aureus 16(32%) was the major bacteria isolate and candida albicans(13.12%) was the major of candida spp. isolate. And the results of the relationship of Vulvovaginitis with the age showed that incidence of infection was high among females age group(36-45years) 20(12.5%) . This study conclude that, bacterial vaginosis compile high percentage among women with vaginal discharge. It can be present alone or along with candidiasis while rare cases record a combined infection of bacterial vaginosis along with trichomoniasis and both candidiasis and trichomoniasis may be as secondary infection that enhanced after bacterial vaginosis.