Global Efforts to Reduce Antibiotic Residue in Milk and Milk Products: Current Status and Future Directions – A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56286/NTU-JAVS.2026.6.1.74-79Keywords:
Antibiotic, Antimicrobial resistance, MRLs, Public Health, One healthAbstract
Antibiotic residues in milk are crucial public health, economic and?technological issue. This review collates evidences from PubMed, Clarivate, Scopus, and Google Scholar, references were organized, summarized, and analyzed. Antibiotic residues sources are primarily due to therapeutic use of dairy cows and are most prevalent?after intramammary treatments with beta-lactams, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides. Or as result of poor recordkeeping, misdiagnosis, or accidental contamination. Public health hazards include allergies, antimicrobial resistance, gut?dysbiosis and potential carcinogenicity. From an economic point of view, antibiotic residues in dairy products cause disruption of dairy processing (i.e., fermentation failures), lead to trade sanctions and erode consumer trust. Maximum residue level (MRLs) differs depending on the country of use, making it?difficult to comply and trade products on a global scale. Detection is?based on both rapid screening (microbial inhibition assays, immunoassays) and confirmatory techniques (LC-MS/MS), This methodes recommended with the support of biosensors and nanotechnology may enhance the detection senstivity, the obsticles remain as results of lake of global MRLs and availability of resources, to reduce the impact of antibiotic residue the studies consensus that better farming and strict antibiotic managment with cooperation of one health context can solve this critical issue. to ensure milk safety, and industrial sustainability, and prevent AMR issue aggravation.
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