Effect of Copper Levels and Types of Coal on The Growth and Yield of Wheat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56286/10.56286/NTU-JAVS.2026.6.1.22-33Keywords:
Copper fertilization, Wheat , Biochar Gypsum, soilsAbstract
Samples were selected from Tikrit University fields from gypsum soils of different gypsum content, the first low gypsum (65 g.Kg-1), and symbolized by G1, second medium gypsum (141 g.Kg-1), and symbolized by G2, and third high gypsum (309 g.Kg-1), and symbolized by G3. Three types of charcoal were selected: wheat residue charcoal, symbolized by W, rice residue charcoal, symbolized by R, and corn cobs charcoal Z. Charcoal was added at a rate of 1% and the soil was incubated for 100 days, taking into account stirring and moisturizing by spraying it with a solution rich in urea fertilizer, to which urea fertilizer was added at a rate 2% to help activate the charcoal particles and stimulate the organisms in its analysis. Three concentrations of copper were used (0 ppm), symbolized by cu0, (5 ppm) and symbolized by cu1, and (10 ppm), symbolized by cu2. The number of treatments is 27 in three repeats the number of experimental treatments becomes (81) experimental units in plastic pots with a capacity of (5 kg). the seeds were planted on 11/7/2023 and were subjected to service, irrigation, and thinning operations. Then the number of plants in each experimental unit was reduced to eight plants. After the plants matured, the harvesting process was carried out on 29/4/2024. The most important results obtained were that the treatments (G1Zcu2) outperformed the rest of the treatments in the characteristic of plant length, as it reached 90 cm, and outperformed in the characteristic of the flag leaf area, as it reached 49.33 cm2. As for the number of branches, the highest average number of branches was 25 branches. The copper percentage was also examined, as the highest percentage was 45.1941 ppm. As for the number of spikes, the highest average was 14 spikes. The seed weight was also measured, as the highest weight obtained was 14.55 g.spike-1, and the highest weight for 100 grains was 4.3 g. grains-1. The above results show that the superiority of the sample (G1Zcu2) is noted.
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