The impact of modern irrigation systems on water use efficiency and grape Vitis vinifera L growth
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56286/NTU-JAVS.2026.6.1.80-87Keywords:
Drip Irrigation, IoT, Soil Moisture Sensors , Penman-Monteith Equation, HydrusAbstract
The study was conducted at the Interactive Agricultural Technical College in Mosul, in cooperation with the Water Resources Department, in 2024. Seedlings were planted as desired. The field was divided into four units according to different variation methods: Based on soil moisture using irrometer sensors, Using climate equations (Penman-Monteith),Using Internet of Things (IoT) technology, Using moisture distribution simulation using Hydrus 1D software. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized block design with four treatments and three replicates. The effect of different irrigation methods on water use efficiency and plant growth was compared and the averages were tested under a 5% probability level. The results showed that IoT technology was the most efficient in saving water and managing irrigation remotely, while the soil moisture measurement method maintained stable moisture content across all depths, ranging between 18.9% - 26%, which is the ideal range for grape growth. The Penman-Monteith equation was effective but showed moisture fluctuations at depths of 15 and 30 cm, while the Hydrus 1D program provided accurate moisture distribution data but needed more precise time tuning. The vegetative characteristics of grapes showed significant superiority of the soil moisture measurement treatment in the main stem diameter of the grape tree and the leaf area of ??the trees, which reached 15.53 mm and 9623 cm², respectively.
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